Groundwater is a crucial resource, but understanding the complex underground environment can be challenging. Geophysical techniques offer a powerful solution, providing a non-invasive way to investigate the subsurface and gain valuable hydrogeological insights.
Hydrogeological studies are essential for understanding groundwater resources, identifying potential water sources, and assessing the quality and quantity of available water. Geophysical tools can play a crucial role in these studies by providing valuable insights into the subsurface structure and properties. This outline will explore the various geophysical methods used in hydrogeological investigations and how they can be effectively integrated into the study process.
Hydrogeological Studies Include:
- Aquifer characterization
- Water-well site location
- Water-table mapping
- groundwater flow determinationÂ
- Salinization mapping
- Groundwater resource management
- Groundwater contamination assessment
- Mapping Aquifer Structures
- Assessing the potential for groundwater recharge
- Supporting sustainable water use practices
Integrating Data
- Borehole data
- Groundwater monitoring data
- Geological and hydrogeological mapping
- Numerical modeling
Geophysical Techniques
Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI)
- Mapping groundwater flow and aquifer characteristics
- Detecting groundwater contamination
Seismic Refraction Surveys
- Determining subsurface geology and stratigraphy
- Identifying groundwater-bearing layers
- Assessing aquifer properties
Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR)
- Mapping shallow subsurface features
- Delineating water table and vadose zone
- Detecting buried infrastructure and utilities
Electromagnetic (EM) Surveys
- Mapping subsurface conductivity and resistivity
- Identifying groundwater-bearing formations
- Detecting saline water intrusion
Gravity Surveys
- Mapping subsurface density variations
- Identifying groundwater-bearing structures
- Assessing aquifer storage capacity
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